Geocoding is the process of converting an address or a place name into geographic coordinates, typically latitude and longitude, that can be used to place the location on a map or in a geographic information system (GIS). It’s commonly used in mapping software, location-based services, and navigation systems.

For example, if you enter an address like "81 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT" geocoding will provide the corresponding latitude and longitude for that location, which can then be used to show it on a map.