There are two main components to citations:

• In-Text Citations: These are short notations within your writing that note when you quote, paraphrase, or reference someone else's work. These are short—typically some abbreviation of the author's last name, the year of the work, and the page number referenced. Think of this as a key that your reader can use to look up all the citation information at the end of your paper, in your...
   
• References List: Sometimes called a "Works Cited" list, this is a complete list of references at the end of your paper. Each citation is longer than the in-text version and will include everything a reader needs to know to find the item you are citing, whether it's a journal article, encyclopedia, webpage, book, etc. This includes details such as: article title, book or journal title, journal volume and issue, year published, page numbers, and sometimes URLs or DOIs (a unique article identifier that works as a permanent link).